Mpox: Comprehensive Guide and the WFPHA Statement  

Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) has garnered significant global attention, particularly after being declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO) twice—in May 2022 and August 2024. While cases have stabilized in many countries, the virus remains a public health threat, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo and several Central and Eastern African nations, where it continues to spread and evolve.  

Let’s explore what mpox is, its transmission, symptoms, prevention strategies, and the role of international organizations, includin the WFPHA statement on mpox, in combating this disease.  

What Is Mpox?  

Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus. This virus has two primary clade lineages:  

1. Clade I (formerly Congo Basin clade) – More severe and associated with higher mortality rates.

2. Clade II (formerly West African clade) – Generally less severe.

Key Facts About Mpox:  

– Origins: It was first identified in 1958 in monkeys used for research, with the first human case recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo.  

– Transmission: It is spread primarily through close contact with an infected person or animal and contaminated materials like bedding.  

– Affected Populations: While anyone can contract mpox, it disproportionately affects populations with limited access to healthcare and those in humanitarian or conflict settings.  

Symptoms of Mpox  

The symptoms of mpox typically appear within 5 to 21 days of exposure and may include:  

• Fever, chills, and headaches  
• Muscle aches and back pain  
• Swollen lymph nodes  
• Rash, starting as flat lesions and progressing to pustules before crusting over  

Most cases resolve within 2-4 weeks, but severe complications such as secondary infections, respiratory distress, and encephalitis can occur.  

Prevention and Treatment  

Vaccines  

Effective vaccines against mpox are available and recommended by the WHO. These include smallpox vaccines, which offer cross-protection due to the relatedness of the viruses.  

Preventive measures  

Avoid close contact with infected individuals or animals.  

Practice good hand hygiene 

Use personal protective equipment (PPE) in healthcare settings.  

Treatment  

While no specific antiviral treatment for mpox exists, supportive care and antivirals like tecovirimat can help manage severe cases.  

WFPHA Statement on Mpox

The World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) has issued a strong call to action in response to the ongoing mpox outbreak. The statement, finalized in Geneva on September 18, 2024, outlines critical priorities:  

Health organizations, countries, and wider stakeholders can work in solidarity to protect people and stop the spread of pox. Equity should be embedded strategically in decision-making and at the heart of the response.

Support for WHO and Partners:  

The WFPHA supports the WHO, African CDC, UNICEF, CEPI, Gavi, the World Bank, and the IMF in coordinating efforts to combat mpox.  

Equity and Transparency:  

Drawing lessons from COVID-19 and Ebola, the WFPHA emphasizes equitable and transparent vaccine production, distribution, and pricing.  

Pandemic Treaty:  

The WFPHA urges all 194 WHO member states to intensify efforts toward a pandemic treaty, highlighting its necessity now more than ever.  

African Leadership:  

The WFPHA underscores the importance of African leadership in guiding the mpox response while fostering inter- and intra-country learning.  

Climate Crisis:  

The WFPHA recognizes the climate crisis as a root cause of zoonotic epidemics and calls for urgent global action to address environmental challenges.  

A Call for Collaboration  

The WFPHA also stresses the need for evidence-based public health management and collaboration across sectors to tackle the complexities of this outbreak, which involves multiple clades, diverse populations, and challenging humanitarian contexts.  

Why Mpox Matters  

Mpox exemplifies the interconnectedness of global health issues, where infectious diseases, climate change, and inequities in healthcare systems converge. As the virus evolves and spreads, it underscores the need for coordinated, equity-focused responses from governments, organizations, and communities worldwide.  

By prioritizing evidence-based strategies and solidarity, we can not only control the current mpox outbreak but also build resilient systems to prevent future zoonotic epidemics.  

Conclusion

Mpox is more than a viral outbreak—it’s a test of our global public health systems, equity in access to resources, and the ability to work collaboratively. As outlined in the WFPHA statement on mpox, concerted efforts at all levels are critical to ending the spread of the virus and preventing future health crises.  

Learning from past pandemics and addressing systemic issues can create a healthier, more equitable world.  

Read the original WFPHA statement.

Environmental Health Working Group Co-Chairs Interview: Hannah Marcus, Andrea Rother, and Lwando Maki

We are excited to present an insightful discussion with the WFPHA Environmental Health Working Group co-chairs Hannah Marcus, Professor Andrea Rother, and Dr. Lwando Maki. These distinguished leaders bring a wealth of knowledge and experience in environmental health. Hannah Marcus is renowned for her environmental policy and public health advocacy work, while Andrea Rother is a prominent figure in chemical risk management and children’s environmental health. Lwando Maki brings a dynamic perspective with his sustainable development and community health expertise. 

In this interview, they delve into the critical field of environmental health, exploring how our environment impacts health outcomes and discussing global strategies to address pressing environmental health challenges.

Please introduce yourselves

Hannah Marcus: I’m Hannah Marcus, the co-chair of the WFPHA Environmental Health Working Group. I started as an intern with the group in 2019, then became a member, a young co-chair, and now a co-chair alongside Lwando and Andrea. Previously, I worked alongside Liz Hannah, our former co-chair. I’m based in Nairobi, Kenya, working with an organization focused on research in the humanitarian and development sectors.

Lwando Maki: I’m Lwando Maki from South Africa. I’m a medical doctor and public health medicine specialist. I am completing my second specialty in internal medicine at the University of Cape Town. I co-chair the Environmental Health Working Group with Hannah and Andrea. I have held various leadership roles in national, regional, and global associations/organizations, including the World Medical Association and the Public Health Association of South Africa.

Andrea Rother: I’m Andrea Rother, a professor and head of the Environmental Health Division at the University of Cape Town’s (UCT) School of Public Health. My work focuses on chemicals, pesticides, children’s environmental health, and the nexus between climate change and chemicals. I also work on risk communication and the commercial determinants of health.

What motivated you to pursue a career in the public health sector?

Hannah Marcus: Initially, I was interested exclusively in the biomedical aspects of health, but upon engaging further with material from diverse disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, political science, environmental studies, and international development, I quickly realized how much more multifaceted health is, and this stimulated a deeper passion for the broader social determinants of health and environmental factors affecting health outcomes. My internship with the WFPHA in 2019, working at the intersection of climate change and health, solidified my interest in public health and its environmental aspects.

Lwando Maki: My motivation stems from a genuine desire to help others and the recognition of public health’s role in preventing diseases at the population level. Events in South Africa, such as extreme weather and its impact on health systems, propelled me to focus on climate change and public health. Growing up in a community that faced significant environmental challenges, I saw firsthand how environmental degradation and climate change disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. This inspired me to pursue a career where I could address these inequities. I focus on integrating local knowledge and grassroots involvement into environmental health initiatives, ensuring that solutions are inclusive and equitable. Representing African voices in global health forums is also a significant driving force for me.

Andrea Rother: My research journey began with a focus on women in agriculture and protecting traditional farming practices, which led to an interest in pesticides’ negative impacts and their regulation in Africa. My master’s research focused on the effectiveness of pesticide regulations in Zimbabwe in protecting human health. Subsequently, my PhD focused on the impact of risk perceptions and risk communication on South African (SA) farm workers’ health. In 1996 I joined the UCT Department of Community Health to implement a pesticide policy reform project in all nine SA provinces. Joining a public health department set me on the path of integrating environmental health concerns into teaching, research, outreach, and national/international policy work – i.e., chemicals, pesticides, climate change, commercial determinants of health, and children’s environmental health. This culminated in me setting up a Division of Environmental Health at UCT, developing three academic programs (two online for pesticide and chemical regulators), and representing UCT and WFPHA in international chemical negotiations (e.g., developing a science policy panel on chemicals and waste). I work tirelessly to support the African region in these negotiations to ensure that protecting vulnerable populations’ health is at the forefront.

How long have you been associated with The World Federation of Public Health Associations?

Hannah Marcus: I started with the WFPHA as an intern in 2019. During that time, I led a global survey on governance barriers to climate adaptation in the health sector, the results of which have been published in the International Journal of Health Governance. From there, I gradually took on more responsibilities, eventually becoming a young co-chair in 2021 and now a co-chair.

Lwando Maki: I’ve been involved with the Public Health Association of South Africa, a member of the WFPHA, since around 2014/2015. My leadership involvement at the WFPHA in 2022 led to my current leadership role.

Andrea Rother: In 2005, I became the South African National Focal Point Representative for the Human Health Effects of Chemicals Project of the World Federation of Public Health Association (WFPHA), representing the Public Health Association of South Africa (PHASA). I officially joined the WFPHA Environmental Health Working Group in 2018. Early on, I began reporting on international work and negotiations linked to chemicals and health. I then transitioned into the honored shared leadership role with Hannah and Lwando.

Please elaborate on your working group’s current activities and share your vision and plans for the future.

Hannah Marcus: Our focus areas include climate change, chemical regulation, air pollution, One Health, and Just Transition. We contribute to the WHO civil society working group on climate change and health, where we’ve been involved in co-drafting and leading advocacy in favor of a new climate change and health resolution adopted in May 2024 by the World Health Assembly. We are now also involved in a WHO-led task force to support preparing a climate health education-oriented work program for COP29 and COP30. We also host interns for small-scale research projects and policy reviews. Our objectives include expanding membership, updating policies, and fundraising. Our vision is to convene public health experts, collaborate on issues, and influence global policy.

Lwando Maki: We support and advise our member associations, ensuring they are informed and capable of implementing climate-related policies. Our activities are aligned with the WFPHA’s strategic plan, contributing to mainstreaming environmental considerations into public health policies. I’d like to add that environmental health is deeply tied to social justice. Marginalized communities often bear the brunt of environmental hazards. For instance, communities in many parts of Africa face severe water scarcity and pollution, exacerbating health issues and poverty. Addressing environmental health means addressing these inequalities and ensuring everyone can access a healthy environment.

Andrea Rother: We represent the issues of our working group in international negotiations (e.g., chemical, climate change, plastics) and keep our members informed of current activities and negotiations. This allows members to contribute their insights into these discussions during our regular meetings and to incorporate current negotiated outputs also shared during these meetings into their own research, teaching, and outreach work.

How do the working group’s activities align with and support implementing our association’s strategic plan?

Hannah Marcus: Environmental health is a key tenet of the WFPHA strategic plan. Our work ensures that environmental considerations are integrated into public health policies. Climate change is a central focus, and we contribute significantly.

Lwando Maki: The strategic plan is developed with input from working groups like ours. We collaborate with other working groups and ensure our actions align with the strategic plan through regular reporting and feedback.

How has being part of the WFPHA and its network enhanced the activities of your working group and expanded its reach?

Lwando Maki: The WFPHA’s reputation and leadership attract experts to our working group. It provides access to global forums like the World Health Assembly and COP meetings. Collaboration with other sectors and network access amplify our work and enhance our activities.

Andrea Rother: Representing WFPHA in international chemical negotiations gives credibility to our environmental health-focused interventions during these negotiations. It has also supported our efforts to make health issues more prominent in environment-dominated negotiations (i.e., the health sector is extremely underrepresented, and few health ministries attend). 

How has WFPHA membership strengthened your group’s influence on international environmental health policies?

Andrea Rother: We’ve been active in sectors like chemicals, climate change, air pollution, and migrant health. Our involvement includes attending international meetings, signing letters, and drafting policy resolutions. For example, we helped draft a resolution on climate change and health adopted by the World Health Assembly.

Can you describe a collaborative project with the environmental advocacy community that had a significant impact?

Hannah Marcus: We collaborated with an institution in the Netherlands to develop a toolkit for public health professionals to support climate change litigation. Our member associations provided input through a survey, contributing to the toolkit’s development and dissemination.

How does the support from the WFPHA facilitate your group’s integration of public health approaches into environmental advocacy?

Hannah Marcus: The WFPHA provides a platform for integrating diverse public health perspectives into our work and bringing together diverse disciplinary experts in the field. Collaboration with other working groups ensures a comprehensive approach to environmental health issues.

Andrea Rother: The WFPHA offers access to global forums like the World Health Assembly, where environmental health issues can be highlighted and integrated into broader public health discussions.

Any last words?

Hannah Marcus: I want to reiterate the importance of collaboration and the collective effort to shape global policy on environmental health issues. The WFPHA’s support is crucial in bringing diverse voices and expertise together to achieve our goals.

Working Group Members:

– Hannah Marcus, Co-Chair, Consilient Research, Somaliland.

– Andrea Rother, Co-Chair, Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health University of Cape Town, South Africa.

– Lwando Maki, Co-Chair, World Medical Association, South African Medical Association, Public Health Association of South Africa, World Health Assembly, South Africa.

– Liz Hanna, Chair (alumni), Australia National University, Australia.

– Peter Orris, Co-Chair (alumni), University of Illinois, World Medical Association, USA.

– Peter Tait, Member, Australia National University, Public Health Association of Australia, Australia.

– Chadia Wannous, Member, World Organisation for Animal Health, France.

– Ramon San Pascual, Member, Health Care without Harm, Philippines.

– Eliana Martinez Herrera, Grupo de Investigación Epidemiologia GEPI Universidad de Antioquia; Grupo de Investigación en Desigualdades en la Salud, Ecología y Condiciones de Empleo y Trabajo GREDS/EMCONET; Public Policy Center JHU-UPF. Asociación Colombiana de Salud Pública; Asociacion Colombiana de Epidemiología, Colombia.

– Joyce Shirinde, Member, University of Pretoria School of Health Systems and Public Health, South Africa.

– Shweta Narayan, Member, Health Care Without Harm.

– Jit Sohal, Member, Health Care Without Harm, Philippines.

– Guilherme Netto, Member, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Brazil.

– Mirwais Amiri, Member, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan.

– Sayed Himatt, Member, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan.

– Mohannad Jaghabir, Member, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan.

– Haitham Bashier, Member, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Sudan.

– Deema Al Bakri, Member, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan.

– Lea Merone, Member, University of Queensland, Australia.

– Annalaura Carducci, Member, University of Pisa, Italy.

– Susan Elliott, Member, University of Waterloo, Canada.

– Tara Chen, Member, University of Waterloo, Canada.

– Katherine Catalano, Member, Deputy Director, Center for Climate, Health and Equity, American Public Health Association.

– Sari Kovats, Member, Associate Professor in the Department of Public Health, Environments and Society at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.

– Caradee Wright, Member, Chief Specialist Scientist: Environment and Health Research Unit, South Africa.

– David Patterson, Member, International Development Law Organization (IDLO), EUPHA-LAW, the Netherlands.

– Kris Ebi, Member, University of Washington Center for Health and the Global Environment, USA.

Oral Health Working Group Chair Interview: Dr. Hyewon Lee

Oral health is a crucial component of public health, affecting overall well-being and quality of life. Poor oral health can lead to significant health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and respiratory infections. Ensuring good oral health practices and integrating them into broader public health strategies is essential for promoting health equity and preventing diseases. 

In this interview, we speak with Hyewon Lee, Chair of the Oral Health Working Group for the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA), to gain insights into her career, the activities of her working group, and the importance of oral health in the public health sector.

Please introduce yourself.

Hyewon Lee: My name is Hyewon Lee. I’m the chair of the Oral Health Working Group of the World Federation of Public Health Associations and a pediatric dentist.

What motivated you to pursue a career in the public health sector

Hyewon Lee: As a pediatric dentist, I often see young patients with severe dental caries who require dental treatment under general anesthesia. A prevention-centered care approach is crucial to alleviating families’ financial burden and emotional stress. This led me to focus on early prevention, starting with pregnant women. About 12 years ago, I worked on the U.S. national guideline for pregnant women’s oral health, which sparked my interest in public health and preventive care.

How long have you been associated with the World Federation of Public Health Associations?

Hyewon Lee: This year marks my 13th year with the WFPHA. I joined in 2012 as an intern, progressed to vice chair, and now serve as chair. I’ve really grown with the Public Health Association throughout my career.

Could you elaborate on your working group’s current activities and share your vision and plans for the future?

Hyewon Lee: Our working group is unique because we collaborate extensively with other groups, such as the Tobacco Control, the Women, Children, and Youth Health, Non-Communicable Diseases, and Young Working Groups, to advance our shared health agendas. We’ve worked on several policy resolutions endorsed by the General Council of the WFPHA and published articles highlighting oral health in primary healthcare and beyond, including the WFPHA Maternal and Child Oral Health Initiative.

How do the working group’s activities align with the Association’s strategic plan?

Hyewon Lee: About ten years ago, I was involved in rolling out the Global Charter, which emphasizes promoting health, preventing diseases, and amplifying the voices of people and health professionals. The Oral Health Workgroup focuses on prevention and promotion rather than just treatment, which aligns with the core values of the WFPHA. We also catalyze insights and collaborations among our diverse group of 30 members across 17 countries.

How has being part of the Association and its network enhanced your working group’s activities and expanded its reach?

Hyewon Lee: One of our significant achievements is the WFPHA Maternal and Child Oral Health Initiative, launched in 2023 during the World Congress on Public Health. This initiative, developed in collaboration with various international and national organizations, aims to integrate oral health into antenatal and primary healthcare. Endorsed by over 50 international and national entities, including ministries of health and health professional organizations, it aims to expand our collaboration and highlight oral health in maternal and child healthcare systems.

How has being part of the Federation enhanced your group’s ability to advocate for dental public health globally?

Hyewon Lee: We recently conducted a global oral health workforce survey to identify the primary oral health workforce’s challenges. Our findings shared at the International Federation of Dental Hygiene Associations Conference emphasized the need for a broader definition of the primary oral health workforce. We are also in the process of highlighting various school-based oral healthcare models in the form of a casebook later this year, and we have published an editorial in the Journal of School Health. We envision that oral health is integrated into the health sector and, beyond that, in education and other fields so that oral health becomes an integral part of people’s lives.

How does your working group plan to engage communities in oral health initiatives?

Hyewon Lee: Engaging communities depends on how we define them. We have reached out to public health professionals in the past. To truly measure our impact, we need to involve community members, especially caretakers, as integral parts of the primary healthcare systems. We plan to include more youth and junior members in our working group, as their perspectives and innovative ideas can revitalize our efforts. For example, we’re proposing a networking event, collaborating with other public health organizations during the UN General Assembly Meeting later this year to discuss current oral health challenges and innovative solutions in the view of future oral health professionals.

What unique opportunities has your group gained from the Federation network and resources?

Hyewon Lee: Being part of the WFPHA allows us to collaborate with other work groups and integrate oral health into broader health discussions. We’re currently teaming up with the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) Prevention Working Group to develop a podcast series on the link between oral health and NCDs. This collaboration, made possible by the nurturing environment of the WFPHA, helps us promote oral health as an essential component of overall health and well-being.

The work of Hyewon Lee and the Oral Health Work Group highlights the critical role of oral health in public health. They are making significant strides in integrating oral health into broader health strategies through collaboration, innovative models, and community engagement. Their efforts underscore the importance of preventive care and the need for a comprehensive approach to health that includes oral health as a fundamental component.

Working group members:

Abiola Adeniyi (Vice-chair), Assistant Professor, Fairleigh Dickinson University Vancouver, Canada.

Aarthi Shanmugavel BDS, MPH, Manager, PhD Candidate, American Dental Association, USA.

Cleopatra Matanhire-Zihanzu BDS, MPH, PhD Candidate, University of Zimbabwe Department of Oral Health, Zimbabwe.

Dorjan Hysi DDS, MsC, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Medicine Tirana, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Albania.

Gloria Ha Young Ahn DDS, Intern, WFPHA, USA.

Hyewon Lee (Chair) DrPH, DMD, Director,  the Seoul National University Global Maternal and Child Oral Health Center,  South Korea.

Irene Adyatmaka DDS, PhD, Senior Lecturer, the Maranatha Christian University, Faculty of Dentistry, Indonesia.

Woo Jung Yang, DDS, Endodontist,  Seoul Leaders Dental Clinic, South Korea.

Jemima Khabiso Ramphoma BChD, MChD Dental Public Health, Senior Lecturer, the University of the Western Cape, Department of Community Dentistry, South Africa.

Kenneth Eaton, MSc, PhD, Chair of the Platform for Better Oral Health in Europe, The Council of European Chief Dental Officers, UK.

Kiran P. Nagdeo (Vice-chair) BDS, MPH, PhD Candidate,  Department of Epidemiology, NYU School of Global Public Health, USA.

Leonie Short, MHP, Director, Seniors Dental Care, Australia, Australia.

Lynn Bethel Short, RDH, MHP, Communications Director, American Fluoridation Institute, USA.

Myron Allukian Jr., DDS, MPH, Former APHA President, American Public Health Association, USA.

Pascaline Kengne Talla, PhD, Professor, McGill University, Canada. 

Puneet Gupta, MDS, Associate Professor, the Government College of Dentistry, Indore, India. 

Rachel Martin, BDSc, MPH, Director, the Network for the Integration of Oral Health, Australia.

Rahimah Abdul-Kadir, DrPH, DDS, Professor, the University Malaya Center for Addiction Sciences, Malaysia.

Ramprasad Vasthare, MDS, FAIMER fellow, Professor, the Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, India.

Seema Lal-Kumar, BDS, MSc Paed, Dental Specialist, Te Marae Ora, Ministry of Health, Cook Islands.

Sonia Groisman, PhD, Post PhD, DNA Lab Diagnosis, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Valerie Wordley, BDS, MPH, Clinical Advisor, NHS England, United Kingdom.

Vyhari Chandrasorupan, MPH, Intern, WFPHA, Australia.

Young WFPHA Working Group Chair Interview: Alessandro Berionni

Alessandro Berionni is a pivotal figure in public health. As the Chair of the Young Working Group for the World Federation of Public Health Associations (Young WFPHA), his contributions and insights shed light on the importance of young professionals in the sector. Engaging and empowering young public health professionals is crucial, as they bring fresh perspectives, innovative solutions, and the energy needed to address global health challenges.

Can you introduce yourself

Alessandro Berionni: My name is Alessandro Berionni. I am 29 and a public health medical resident at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University in Milan. I currently live in Athens, where I work for WHO’s Athens Quality of Care and Patient Safety Office. Few people know I graduated from the conservatory as a classical pianist a few years ago. I have a deep love for music, the arts, and creatively innovative things. I also enjoy jogging with friends or walking while listening to good music in my free time.

What motivated you to pursue a career in the public health sector

Alessandro Berionni: I was a dermatology resident before moving to public health. While working in the hospital, I realized I was more interested in viewing health from a broader perspective. In clinical practice, there is often a strong focus on treating diseases without fully addressing their root causes. Public health, on the other hand, fascinated me because it focuses on the factors that lead to diseases and works to address them at their source.

I am also motivated by the sense of justice and equity in public health. I am especially drawn to making healthcare accessible and envisioning a future where everyone can achieve optimal health.

How long have you been associated with the World Federation of Public Health Associations?

Alessandro Berionni: I began working with the WFPHA in March 2023 when I became chair of the Students and Early Career Professional Working Group, which we later rebranded to Young WFPHA. Before that, I was associated with the Italian Public Health Association (SitI) and the European Network of Medical Residents in Public Health (EURONET MRPH) but not actively involved in WFPHA. 

Please elaborate on your working group’s current activities and share your vision and plans for the future.

Alessandro Berionni: Since March 2023, we’ve primarily focused on public health professional development, youth engagement, and global advocacy. One of our main projects is a survey designed to identify the challenges and needs of young public health professionals. This survey highlighted a strong desire for global impact, mentorship, and more opportunities. We’ve also researched digital and health literacy and launched various engagement activities, such as social media campaigns, webinars, and additional research opportunities.

Looking ahead, our vision includes strengthening regional and global public health networks, establishing regional representatives, enhancing communication through newsletters, expanding our membership, and providing more engaging opportunities. Our main goal is to strengthen a worldwide diverse and interconnected public health community.

How do the working group’s activities align with and support implementing the Association’s strategic plan?

Alessandro Berionni: The Young WFPHA aligns with the strategic plan through advocacy, capacity building, and fostering global health governance. We participate in local and international conferences, conduct webinars, and collaborate with organizations such as the Junior Doctors Network, International Pharmaceutical Students Federation, Health Equity Network of the Americas, the World Health Organization, etc. These activities support the strategic goals of increasing partnerships, facilitating knowledge exchange, and enhancing communication.

In what ways has being part of the Federation and its network enhanced the activities of your working group and expanded its reach?

Alessandro Berionni: The WFPHA has provided us with significant opportunities and support. It has enabled us to connect with high-level speakers and participate in key events, expanding our network and strengthening our working group. Additionally, it has facilitated our collaboration with numerous professionals and students on various research projects, enhancing our outreach and impact.

How does being part of the Federation benefit your group’s mission to represent students and young professionals in public health

Alessandro Berionni: The WFPHA provides a global platform and visibility for our initiatives, enabling us to connect with stakeholders at high-level events. This ongoing support helps us fulfill our mission of engaging young professionals across diverse disciplines. We aim to create a well-represented community that addresses public health challenges through collaboration and innovation.

What programs does the group offer to support the career development of young public health professionals

Alessandro Berionni: The Young WFPHA working group organizes networking events to develop the soft skills essential in public health. We also create specific sub-groups where students and young professionals can discuss and collaborate on projects, offering valuable exposure and knowledge exchange opportunities. We plan to launch a mentorship platform to support career growth and development further.

Any last words?

Alessandro Berionni: I always stress the importance of young people bringing fresh perspectives and creativity to public health. Every contribution, no matter how small, can make a difference. It’s about showcasing our work, fostering a positive attitude, and igniting enthusiasm for public health. The dream of a better, more equitable world leads us to achieve meaningful results with a global impact.

Alessandro Berionni’s dedication to public health and leadership within the Young underscores the critical role of young professionals in this field. Their innovative approaches and commitment to justice and equity are vital for addressing global health challenges and creating a healthier future for all.

Working Group Members:

– Alessandro Berionni, Young WFPHA Chair, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Italy.

– Lwando Maki, Young WFPHA Vice Chair and Representative at the WFPHA Governing Council, Public Health Association of South Africa (PHASA), South Africa.

– Federica Castellana, Young WFPHA Secretary, Italian Red Cross, Italy.

– Duha Shellah, Young WFPHA Research Lead and Vice Chair of WHO EMRO Youth Council, Palestine Academy for Science & Technology, Palestine.

– Amilcar Juggernath, Young WFPHA Research Co-Lead, Public Health Association of South Africa (PHASA), South Africa.

– Marcello di Pumpo, Young WFPHA Research Co-Lead, Project Lead, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.

– Anke Kotze, Young WFPHA Communication Lead, Cornell University, USA.

– Melissa Sawaya, Young WFPHA Communication Co-Lead, Université Paris-Saclay, France.

– Alexandria Chung, Young WPFHA Communication Co-Lead, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), UK.

– Mustakim, Young WFPHA Membership Lead, Indonesian Public Health Association, Indonesia.

– Luis Fernando Solis Calvo, Young WFPHA Networking Lead, The Health Equity Network of the Americas (HENA).

– David Peyre Costa, Young WPFHA Partnership Lead, University of Trosmø, Norway.

– Augusto Baron, Young WFPHA representative at the Quadripartite Working Group for Youth Engagement, Colegio Médico de Honduras, Honduras.

– Haleluya Leulseged, Young WFPHA Project Management, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM).

– Francesco Andrea Causio, Young WPFHA Project Lead, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy.

– Nunzio Zotti, Young WFPHA Project Lead, Università di Pisa, Italy.

– 劉憬勲 Ching-Hsun “Walter” Liu, Young WFPHA Project Lead, Federation of Public Health Student Associations in Taiwan, Taiwan.

Professionals’ Education and Training Working Group Chair Interview: Leanne Coombe and Priscilla Robinson

We are delighted to introduce Priscilla Robinson and Leanne Coombe, the co-chairs of the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) Working Group on Professionals’ Education and Training. This group is dedicated to enhancing the standards of public health education globally. 

Let’s dive into their insights on the group’s formation, achievements, and future goals.

Please introduce yourselves

Priscilla Robinson: My name is Priscilla Robinson. I’ve been associated with the WFPHA for about ten years and a member of the Public Health Association of Australia for nearly 35 years. I am an Adjunct Associate Professor at La Trobe University in Australia, co-chairing this working group. My career began in nursing, with training in various nursing specialties, and then moved into epidemiology and infectious disease in public health and public health education.

Leanne Coombe: I’m Leanne Coombe, employed as the Policy and Advocacy Manager at the Public Health Association of Australia, and I also co-chair the Professional Education and Training Working Group. I’ve been involved with the WFPHA and this working group since 2018. I’m also an Honorary Associate Professor at The University of Queensland. My background is in oral health, but I have focused extensively on public health, particularly Indigenous health. My career has always been oriented toward preventive health, naturally leading me to public health.

How did this working group come about?

Priscilla Robinson: About 14 years ago, during one of its strategic reviews, the Federation identified the need for a professional education and training working group. I was the second Chair of the group and later invited Leanne to co-chair, given her expertise and enthusiasm. Since then, we have focused on addressing the educational needs identified by the Federation and have made significant contributions to its overall mission.

Can you describe the current involvement and membership of the working group?

Leanne Coombe: When I joined as co-chair in 2018, the group was relatively small and inactive. Since then, we’ve garnered interest from academics worldwide and have consciously expanded our membership by recruiting early-career public health professionals, experienced practitioners, and academics. We’ve also established a successful internship program, engaging young professionals who often stay on after their internships.

Priscilla Robinson: It’s important to note that our group is also diverse globally and ethnically. We maintain an informal structure where members feel comfortable contributing regardless of their education level, significantly enhancing our work. This approach allows us to leverage the expertise and energy of our members very appropriately and effectively.

How has the working group contributed to the development of public health education?

Priscilla Robinson: Our primary focus is public health education for professional practice. We have published several peer-reviewed papers, such as analyzing public health competencies commonly used in the field. Additionally, we have been involved with the WHO’s Public Health and Emergencies Workforce Roadmap Project, contributing to its competency framework. This work will guide the development of public health education worldwide for years to come.

What initiatives is the group currently working on?

Leanne Coombe: We’re currently working on two major projects. First, we are contributing to the implementation phase of the WHO Roadmap, focusing on standardizing public health education globally. We’re engaging accrediting and regulatory agencies to adopt the competency framework. Second, we’re benchmarking public health education worldwide, analyzing course content, delivery methods, faculty training, and support. This research will inform our efforts to standardize education across different regions.

What are your plans for the future

Priscilla Robinson: Post-pandemic, we need to ensure that the advancements in public health education and workforce training remain and evolve. Only about one-fifth of the global public health workforce is formally trained in public health, which can lead to significant shortfalls in expertise. Our goal is to improve accreditation and regulation, ensuring that all professionals involved in public health understand its principles and their role in it. 

Leanne Coombe: We’re also looking to support other WFPHA working groups in implementing the WHO Roadmap within their disciplines, such as Indigenous, One Health, and Environmental health. We will continue contributing and adapting to emerging needs as the roadmap project progresses. We welcome anyone interested in joining us and helping with our mission.

Priscilla Robinson and Leanne Coombe have shown immense dedication and vision in leading the WFPHA Working Group on Professionals’ Education and Training. Their efforts are shaping the future of public health education and ensuring that the global workforce is better prepared for the challenges ahead. Their inclusive and collaborative approach invites all interested professionals to join and contribute to this vital work.

Working group members: 

Christina Severinsen, School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Dorothy Biberman, Manager Global Health Programs ASPPH, USA

Elisabeth Mukendi, medical doctor from the Democratic Republic of Congo

Elsheikh Badr, President of the Sudanese Public Health Association, Sudan

Geri Kemper Seeley, Program Manager, Applied Public Health, Office of Applied Public Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, USA. 

Haitham Bashier, Director at The Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET), Amman, Jordan

Harsha Somaroo, Public Health Association of South Africa, South Africa

Kasia Czabanowska, Professor in Public Health Leadership and Workforce Development and International Health School CAPHRI, Care & Publ Health Res In Fac. Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, the Netherlands

Laura King EdD, MPH, MCHES serves as the Executive Director of the Council on Education for Public Health, USA

Laura Magaña, PhD, MS, President and Chief Executive Officer, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, USA

Leanne Coombe, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland

Linda Murray, Senior Lecturer at Massey University, New Zealand

Priscilla Robinson, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne

Saskia Jaenecke, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany

Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) Working Group Chair Interview: Dr. Jeremiah Mutwalante Twa-Twa and Dr. Prajjwal Pyakurel

Few challenges in the dynamic world of public health are as daunting as preventing and managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We sat down with two remarkable leaders in this field: Dr. Jeremiah Mutwalante Twa-Twa from Uganda and Dr. Prajjwal Pyakurel from Nepal. They serve as the Working Group Co-Chairs for NCD Prevention and Health Promotion within the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA). 

NCDs, which include cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are responsible for a significant portion of global mortality. Unlike infectious diseases, NCDs are often driven by lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption. Addressing these requires a comprehensive approach involving policy change, community engagement, and ongoing research.

Can you both introduce yourselves

Dr. Twa-Twa: I’m Dr. Jeremiah Mutwalante Twa-Twa from Uganda. I’m a medical doctor by training, with additional qualifications in public health, demography, and biostatistics. I’m a member of the Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health, which brought me into the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA). I am the Dean of the School of Health Sciences and lecturer at Kampala University. I’ve worked with the Ministry of Health since 1980, initially as a hospital manager and later as a district health manager. I served on the team that started the Uganda AIDS Control Program in the Ministry of Health. Later, I served as the Registrar of the Uganda Medical and Dental Practitioners Council and finally headed the Child Health Division of the Ministry of Health until 2010. After that, I ventured into politics, serving in the Parliament of Uganda for five years. In Parliament, I served as Vice Chairperson of the HIV/AIDS Standing Committee of Parliament for four years. I’m the Co-Chair of the WFPHA’s NCD Prevention and Health Promotion Working Group.

Dr. Pyakurel: I’m Dr. Prajjwal Pyakurel from Nepal. I am the General Secretary of the Nepalese Society of Community Medicine. We have over 200 members dedicated to public health in Nepal. I have a deep passion for NCD prevention globally. I was a visiting Lown Scholar at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, 2016 and a fellow of the International Society of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention, Nadi, Fiji. I’ve been working in NCD prevention since 2011, starting as a resident in Community Medicine. This journey led me to the WFPHA, where I was honored to be nominated as co-chair of the NCD Working Group in April 2024.

What motivated you to pursue a career in the public health sector?

Dr. Pyakurel: Serving humanity has always been my primary motivation. As an academician, service is paramount. My journey into public health began in 2011 during my residency in Community Medicine and Tropical diseases at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. I researched Cardiovascular risk factors among industrial workers in Eastern Nepal. Working with these underserved populations fueled my passion for public health. They often have low education levels and face numerous challenges, making it vital for public health professionals to advocate for and support them. My goal is to conduct research that informs policy and practice changes, ultimately contributing to NCD prevention on a global scale.

Dr. Twa-Twa: My interest in public health was sparked during my medical training in the 1970s by a professor who taught preventive medicine at Makerere Medical School when I was still an undergraduate student. My career in public health began in earnest in 1980, during a period of political turmoil in Uganda. Many healthcare workers had left the country, and I was deployed to a remote hospital, quickly moving into a management role. This experience necessitated further training in public health, which the Ministry of Health facilitated. Over time, I held various administrative roles, including being part of the team that started the Uganda AIDS Control Programme in the mid-1980s and heading the Child Health Division of the Ministry of Health. These experiences solidified my commitment to public health, although I am still interested in clinical work.

How long have you been associated with the World Federation of Public Health Associations?

Dr. Pyakurel: I officially joined the WFPHA on September 29, 2022, as a working group member. I became a Chair of the NCD Working Group on April 3, 2024, alongside Dr. Twa-Twa. We’ve been actively contributing as co-chairs for the past three months.

Dr. Twa-Twa: My association with the WFPHA extends back through my involvement with the Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health, a member organization of the WFPHA. Our former Executive Director and founder member of UNACOH, Dr. Deogratius Kaheru Sekimpi, has been on the WFPHA board for some time. Through this connection, I was nominated to join the WFPHA, leading to my current role as co-chair of the NCD Prevention and Health Promotion Working Group.

Could you detail your working group’s current activities and share your vision and plans for the future

Dr. Pyakurel: Despite being only three months old as co-chairs of the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) NCD Prevention and Health Promotion Working Group, we’ve hit the ground running. We’re launching monthly webinars starting July 18, 2024, and planning policy brief trainings beginning October 2024. Regular meetings are set for the third week of each month, and we’ve drafted an action plan for 2024-2026, which includes a one-year plan to be implemented from July to December 2024.

We are also seeking collaborations and funding opportunities to conduct global capacity-building programs for NCD prevention. Our vision aligns with WFPHA’s seven goals: advancing public health knowledge and promoting systematic change. For instance, we plan to conduct mass awareness campaigns, develop health promotion materials, and offer research and capacity-building training for young public health professionals worldwide. Our three-year action plan is set to be endorsed on July 25, 2024, after which we’ll begin implementing our activities.

Dr. Twa-Twa: We’re developing an inclusive action plan incorporating member feedback to address NCDs over the next three years. Our vision aligns with WFPHA’s goals and mission. I envision a vibrant working group that supports national public health associations at the grassroots level, providing guidance and coordination. Effective advocacy and addressing NCD problems through coordinated efforts will be our focus. We wish for the NCD prevention and control initiatives to take a first-line position on the health agenda at all levels globally.

How do your activities align with supporting and implementing WFPHA’s strategic plan?

Dr. Twa-Twa: Our activities are structured to address all aspects of NCDs along the WFPHA’s mission and goals. For instance, under Goal 1, we aim to develop policy briefs on issues like alcohol, drugs, and diet. Goal 2: we plan to advocate for systematic change and sustainable funding for NCDs. We’re working on strengthening the prevention and control of NCDs through robust mechanisms under Goal 3. For Goal 4, we plan to advance public health knowledge through education and research initiatives. We’re also focused on building partnerships, working closely with national Public Health Associations, and ensuring regular communication and coordination to achieve our WFPHA goals. Above all, we shall work closely with sister WFPHA-WGs to form a solid, formidable, and vibrant WFPHA team. 

How has being part of WFPHA and its network enhanced your working group’s activities and expanded its reach?

Dr. Pyakurel: WFPHA’s extensive network of over 5 million colleagues globally offers immense opportunities for collaboration and learning. Our working group benefits from this diverse pool of expertise, fostering partnerships and collaboration that enhance our efforts. Leading this group from an LMIC setup, like Nepal, is a privilege and provides us with unique perspectives to address global public health issues. This network enables us to leverage international knowledge and best practices, which can be adapted and applied to our local contexts.

Dr. Twa-Twa: We value the experience of those who have previously contributed to WFPHA-NCD-WG. In this respect, we have recently discussed with Prof Miguel Angel Royo, former Chair NCD-WG, and Professor Iidefonso Hermandez Aquado, currently Chair Policy Committee WFPHA, who have offered valuable insights. Collaboration with experienced individuals and organizations at national and international levels shall strengthen our efforts. This collective wisdom and support will help us to advocate for NCD control and prevention effectively. 

How does being part of WFPHA support your group’s efforts to promote healthy nutrition policies worldwide?

Dr. Pyakurel: Our group’s mission extends beyond nutritional policies to a broader NCD prevention and health promotion context. While we focus on food policies and healthy diets, we also aim to address other risk factors for NCDs. We plan to design vital policy documents on five major risk factors for NCDs to be advocated at the Fourth High-Level Meeting of the UN General Assembly on preventing and controlling NCDs in 2025. Raising mass awareness, especially among younger generations, about the dangers of junk food and the benefits of nutritious diets is crucial. Implementing nutritional labeling and banning unhealthy food advertisements are part of our strategy to improve global health outcomes.

Dr. Twa-Twa: Our predecessors prepared policy briefs, which we plan to continue and expand. National public health associations are crucial in influencing food standards and policies at the country level. By developing solid nutritional policies and promoting healthy eating habits, we aim to impact global health significantly. Mass awareness campaigns and educational initiatives targeting children will be essential in shifting dietary behaviors and reducing the prevalence of NCDs.

How does your working group collaborate with governments and international bodies to influence NCD prevention policies?

Dr. Pyakurel: In line with Goal 5 of the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA), we focus on strengthening partnerships with groups that share our values. Our upcoming three-year action plan includes engaging national governments, parliamentarians, and UN agencies in collaborative dialogs to control NCDs and implement relevant protocols. We aim to prepare comprehensive engagement reports, follow-up actions, and policy briefs to present to the WFPHA leadership for further advocacy at the UN Assembly. This will help elevate NCD prevention on a global scale. We’re actively involving parliamentarians, UN agencies, and government officials in our discussions to create a collaboration network for impactful work across various regions.

Dr. Twa-Twa: We’ve started this journey by engaging essential NCD control and prevention stakeholders. For example, I’ve connected with the Ministry of Health in Uganda and have been welcome to join the team developing the national NCD action plan. We’re exploring synergies at both national and international levels, seeking collaboration and partnerships with all key stakeholders to address NCDs effectively.

Dr. Pyakurel: In Nepal, I’ve worked with the Kathmandu Metropolitan City as a technical advisory group member for NCD prevention. We’re enforcing tobacco control laws and partnering with the WHO country office in Nepal for Anti-Tobacco Campaigns. Our efforts include mass school campaigns, reviewing tobacco laws, and ensuring legal coherence to counter tobacco industry challenges. 

How does the Association’s membership facilitate your group’s work with international bodies?

Dr. Pyakurel: While our focus extends beyond food labeling, we aim to engage with FAO and other bodies on broader NCD prevention policies. We plan to discuss food policies and nutritional labeling with FAO soon, ensuring our initiatives are incorporated globally.

Dr. Twa Twa: Building on past efforts, we plan to influence food policies and all NCD modifiable risk factor policy-related issues at national and international levels. This includes writing policy briefs, engaging national authorities, and ensuring the implementation of protocols for universal health coverage. NCDs and food-related issues like diet and marketing will be central to our activities.

Any last words?

Dr. Pyakurel: As part of the WFPHA’s NCD working group, our success relies heavily on team effort and leadership facilitation. We can offer technical expertise, communicate effectively, and draft proposals, but we need support from the leadership of WFPHA for collaborative initiatives and securing funding. Collaborative efforts are essential for global public health advancement.

Dr. Twa-Twa: The world must recognize that NCDs represent one of the most severe epidemics. Unlike infectious diseases, NCDs require long-term strategies to reverse their impact. International organizations, including UN agencies and the WFPHA, have a mandate and moral obligation to guide global efforts in NCD control. Immediate action is crucial, and our working group’s initiatives need the attention and support of those in positions to make a difference, not for personal gain but for the betterment of global health. Action is needed now rather than later.

In this enlightening interview, Dr. Twa-Twa and Dr. Pyakurel share their profound commitment to public health and their strategic vision for tackling NCDs. Their combined expertise and passion drive the global fight against these pervasive diseases, ensuring a healthier future for all.

Working Group Members:

Jeremiah M. Twa-Twa, Co-Chair of NCD Working Group, Member of Parliament of Uganda.

Prajjwal Pyakurel, Co-Chair of NCD Working Group, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Nepal.

Aron Troen, member of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

Lidya Genene Abebe, Addis Ababa University | AAU · Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ethiopia.

Abigiya Wondimagegnehu Tilahun, Addis Ababa University, AAU · School of Public Health, Master of Public Health, PhD student at Martin Luther University, Ethiopia.

Abiot Mitiku Gosa, Ethiopian Red Cross Society, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Sefonias Getachew, Chairperson of the research and community service committees of the public health department in Debre Berhan University (DBU), Ethiopia.

Muluken Gizaw, Addis Ababa University, AAU, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Ethiopia.

Zaccheous Achidi Asanga, BCH Africa.

Julienne Ngo Likeng, Governing Council of WFPHA and Executive Director of the Cameroon Public Health Association, Cameroon.

Prince T. Lamin-Boima, Njala University, Sierra Leone.

Rana Al Hamawi, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, EMPHNET · Public health programs, Jordan.

Randa Saad, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, EMPHNET, Center for Excellence in Applied Epidemiology BSc, MD, Lebanon.

Monika Brovč, Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje NIJZ, slovenia

Matthew Spiteri, (BFA) (Hons)(Melit.) in Digital Arts, University of Malta.

Nuha Fofana, Serrekunda, Kanifing Municipal Council, The Gambia Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Officer,  Ministry of Health, The Gambia.

Ronan Payinda,  Young Health Programme (YHP) Impact Fellowship, New Zealand.

James Mckeown Amoah, national organizer for the Ghana Public Health Association.

Muhammad Aziz Rahman, a lecturer in the Institute of Health and Wellbeing at the Federation University Berwick Campus, Australia.

Sanghamitra Ghosh, Secretary General, Indian Public Health Association, India.

George Nonas, BistroMD, LLC, The Australian National University, Australia.